Spring Security Part 1 – Simple Login application with database

Rajith DelanthaJuly 8th, 2012Last Updated: April 26th, 2013

16 298 4 minutes read

What is Spring Security?

Spring security is a framework that provides security solution, handling authentication and authorization at both the web request level and the method level. Spring security handle security in two ways. One is secure web request and other one is restrict access at the URL level. Spring security uses servlet filters.

In this post I’m going to create a simple web application that handle the login authentication and authorization.

Download project : http://www.mediafire.com/?bb9x88uxvkb0uuv or http://dl.dropbox.com/u/7215751/JavaCodeGeeks/SpringSecurityTutorialPart1/spring-security-login-example.rar

Before create the project need to execute some queries to mysql to create a new database , tables and add some sample data.

create-table.sql

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `spring-test`;  
-- create user  
CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'test';  
GRANT ALL ON spring-test.* TO 'user'@'localhost';  
USE `spring-test`;  
CREATE TABLE USER_DETAILS (  
USERNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,  
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,  
PRIMARY KEY (USERNAME)  
);  
CREATE TABLE USER_AUTH (  
USERNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,  
AUTHORITY VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,  
FOREIGN KEY (USERNAME) REFERENCES USER_DETAILS(USERNAME)  
);

test-data.sql

insert into USER_DETAILS values ('user','123');  
insert into USER_DETAILS values ('admin','admin');  
insert into USER_AUTH values ('user', 'ROLE_USER');  
insert into USER_AUTH values ('admin', 'ROLE_ADMIN');

After that I create a web project using maven and add below dependencies to pom.xml

<properties>
        <spring.version>3.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>  
       <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>  
       <version>1.0.0.GA</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <!-- Spring Security --> 
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-acl</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <!-- jstl --> 
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
       <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
       <version>1.2</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <!-- MySQL database driver --> 
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
       <version>5.1.9</version>  
     </dependency>  
     <dependency>  
       <groupId>c3p0</groupId>  
       <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>  
       <version>0.9.1</version>  
     </dependency>  
   </dependencies>

After that change the web.xml like this

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC  
    '-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN'  
    'http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd' >  
<web-app>  
  <display-name>spring-security-login</display-name>  
  <servlet>  
    <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>  
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
  </servlet>  
  <servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>  
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
  </servlet-mapping>  
  <listener>  
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
  </listener>  
  <context-param>  
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
    <param-value>  
      /WEB-INF/login-servlet.xml,  
      /WEB-INF/login-security.xml,  
      /WEB-INF/login-service.xml  
    </param-value>  
  </context-param>  
  <!-- Spring Security --> 
  <filter>  
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
  </filter>  
  <filter-mapping>  
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
  </filter-mapping>  
  <welcome-file-list>  
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>  
  </welcome-file-list>  
</web-app>

Now I need to create login-servlet.xml, login-security.xml and login-service.xml spring configuration files. In this example we are using c3p0 connection pool with Mysql database.

Here is the login-servlet.xml file

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>  
<beans xmlns='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans' 
    xmlns:context='http://www.springframework.org/schema/context' 
    xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' 
    xsi:schemaLocation='  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd'>  
  <context:component-scan base-package='rd.controller'/>  
  <bean id='internalResourceResolver' 
     class='org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver'>  
    <property name='prefix' value='/WEB-INF/views/'/>  
    <property name='suffix' value='.jsp'/>  
  </bean>  
  <bean class='org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping'></bean>  
  <bean class='org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter'/>  
  <bean id='placeholderConfig' 
     class='org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer'>  
    <property name='locations'>  
      <list>  
        <value>classpath:login.properties</value>  
      </list>  
    </property>  
  </bean>  
</beans>

Here is the login-security.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>  
<beans:beans xmlns='http://www.springframework.org/schema/security' 
       xmlns:beans='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans' 
       xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' 
       xsi:schemaLocation='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd'>  
  <beans:import resource='login-service.xml'/>  
  <http>  
    <intercept-url pattern='/home*' access='ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN' />  
    <intercept-url pattern='/admin*' access='ROLE_ADMIN' />  
    <form-login login-page='/login.jsp' default-target-url='/home' authentication-failure-url='/login.jsp?error=true'/>  
    <logout logout-success-url='/login.jsp' />  
    <anonymous username='guest' granted-authority='ROLE_GUEST'/>  
    <remember-me/>  
  </http>  
  <authentication-manager>  
    <authentication-provider>  
      <!--<user-service>--> 
        <!--<user name='admin' password='secret' authorities='ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER' />--> 
        <!--<user name='user1' password='1111' authorities='ROLE_USER' />--> 
      <!--</user-service>--> 
      <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref='dataSource' 
          users-by-username-query='select username,password, 'true' as enabled from USER_DETAILS where username=?'  
          authorities-by-username-query='select USER_DETAILS.username , USER_AUTH.AUTHORITY as authorities from USER_DETAILS,USER_AUTH  
           where USER_DETAILS.username = ? AND USER_DETAILS.username=USER_AUTH.USERNAME '/>  
    </authentication-provider>  
  </authentication-manager>  
</beans:beans>

Here is the login-service.xml

<beans xmlns='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans' 
    xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' 
    xsi:schemaLocation='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd'>  
  <bean id='dataSource' class='com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource'>  
    <!--Driver name to connect to the database--> 
    <property name='driverClass'>  
      <value>${login.jdbc.driver}</value>  
    </property>  
    <!--DB URL--> 
    <property name='jdbcUrl'>  
      <value>${login.url}</value>  
    </property>  
    <!--DB User used to connect to the schema--> 
    <property name='user'>  
      <value>${login.username}</value>  
    </property>  
    <!--Password required to access for the above user--> 
    <property name='password'>  
      <value>${login.password}</value>  
    </property>  
    <!-- configuration pool via c3p0--> 
    <property name='acquireIncrement'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.acquireIncrement}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='idleConnectionTestPeriod'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}</value>  
      <!-- seconds --> 
    </property>  
    <property name='maxPoolSize'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.maxPoolSize}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='maxStatements'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.maxStatements}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='minPoolSize'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.minPoolSize}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='initialPoolSize'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.initialPoolSize}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='maxIdleTime'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.maxIdleTime}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='acquireRetryAttempts'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.acquireRetryAttempts}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='acquireRetryDelay'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.acquireRetryDelay}</value>  
    </property>  
    <property name='breakAfterAcquireFailure'>  
      <value>${login.c3p0.breakAfterAcquireFailure}</value>  
    </property>  
  </bean>  
</beans>

The login.jsp page looks like this. (Need to place is under webapp directory. But not in under WEB_INF directory)

<%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %>  
<html>  
<head>  
  <title>Login</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
<c:if test='${not empty param.error}'>  
  <font color='red'>  
    Login error. <br />  
    Reason : ${sessionScope['SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION'].message}  
  </font>  
</c:if>  
<form method='POST' action='<c:url value='/j_spring_security_check' />'>  
  <table>  
    <tr>  
      <td align='right'>Username</td>  
      <td><input type='text' name='j_username' /></td>  
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
      <td align='right'>Password</td>  
      <td><input type='password' name='j_password' /></td>  
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
      <td colspan='2' align='right'>  
        <input type='submit' value='Login' />  
      </td>  
    </tr>  
  </table>  
</form>  
</body>  
</html>

home.jsp page

<%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %>  
<%@ taglib prefix='sec' uri='http://www.springframework.org/security/tags' %>  
<html>  
<head>  
  <title>Home</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
  <a href=<c:url value='/j_spring_security_logout'/>>Logout</a><br/>  
  <sec:authorize ifAnyGranted='ROLE_ADMIN'>  
    <h1>Only admin can see this</h1><br/>  
    <a href='admin'> Admin Home </a>  
  </sec:authorize>  
  <h1>Welcome</h1>  
</body>  
</html>

admin-home.jsp page

<%@ taglib prefix='c' uri='http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core' %>  
<%@ page contentType='text/html;charset=UTF-8' language='java' %>  
<html>  
<head>  
  <title>Admin</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
  <a href=<c:url value='/j_spring_security_logout'/>>Logout</a><br/>  
  <h1>Only Admin allowed here</h1>  
</body>  
</html>

After that you need to write two controller to retrieve home page and admin-home page. Here is the HomeController.java

package rd.controller;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.ui.Model;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
@Controller 
public class HomeController {  
  @RequestMapping(value = '/home' , method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String setUp(Model model){  
    return 'home';  
  }  
}

Here is the AdminController.java

package rd.controller;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.ui.Model;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
@Controller 
public class AdminController {  
  @RequestMapping(value = '/admin' , method = RequestMethod.GET)  
  public String setUp(Model model){  
    return 'admin-home';  
  }  
}

That’s it. Run mvn clean install command to create war file. Copy the war file under tomcat/webapps directory and access the web app in your favorite browser.
url : localhost:<port>/spring-login/login.jsp

Test case 1 : Try to log with user as username 123 as password. You will get users home page.
Test case 2 : Try to log with admin as username admin as password. You will get users home page with visible admin page link.

In spring security part 2 I will modify this project and add remember me feature and md5 password encryption feature.

In near future Ill try to post some interesting article about spring security with CAS integration and LDAP integration. Stay tuned :)

Reference: Spring Security Part 1 – Simple Login application with database from our JCG partner Rajith Delantha at the Looping around with Rajith… blog.

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