Hibernate 4 with Spring

Eugen ParaschivMay 15th, 2013Last Updated: September 4th, 2013

4 217 3 minutes read

1. Overview

This article will focus on setting up Hibernate 4 with Spring – we’ll look at how to configure Spring 3 with Hibernate 4 using both Java and XML Configuration. Parts of this process are of course common to the Hibernate 3 article.

2. Maven

To add the Spring Persistence dependencies to the project pom.xml, please see the article focused on the Spring and Maven dependencies.

Continuing with Hibernate 4, the Maven dependencies are simple:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
   <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
   <version>4.2.4.Final</version>
</dependency>

Then, to enable Hibernate to use its proxy model, we need javassist as well:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
   <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
   <version>3.18.0-GA</version>
</dependency>

And since we’re going to use MySQL for this tutorial, we’ll also need:

<dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   <version>5.1.26</version>
   <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

And finally, we are using a proper connection pool instead of the dev-only Spring implementation – the DriverManagerDataSource. We’re using here the Tomcat JDBC Connection Pool:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-dbcp</artifactId>
    <version>7.0.41</version>
</dependency>

3. Java Spring Configuration for Hibernate 4

To use Hibernate 4 in a project, a few things have changed on the configuration side when moving from a Hibernate 3 setup.

The main aspect that is different when upgrading from Hibernate 3 is the way to create the SessionFactory with Hibernate 4.

This is now done by using the LocalSessionFactoryBean from the hibernate4 package – which replaces the older AnnotationSessionFactoryBean from the hibernate3 package. The new FactoryBean has the same responsibility – it bootstraps the SessionFactory from annotation scanning. This is neccessary because, starting with Hibernate 3.6, the old AnnotationConfiguration was merged into Configuration and so the new Hibernate 4 LocalSessionFactoryBean is using this new Configuration mechanism.

It is also worth noting that, in Hibernate 4, the Configuration.buildSessionFactory method and mechanism have also been deprecated in favour of Configuration.buildSessionFactory(ServiceRegistry) – which the Spring LocalSessionFactoryBean is not yet using.

The Spring Java Configuration for Hibernate 4:

import java.util.Properties;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@PropertySource({ "classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" })
@ComponentScan({ "org.baeldung.spring.persistence" })
public class PersistenceConfig {

   @Autowired
   private Environment env;

   @Bean
   public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory() {
      LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();
      sessionFactory.setDataSource(restDataSource());
      sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "org.baeldung.spring.persistence.model" });
      sessionFactory.setHibernateProperties(hibernateProperties());

      return sessionFactory;
   }

   @Bean
   public DataSource restDataSource() {
      BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();
      dataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
      dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));
      dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.user"));
      dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.pass"));

      return dataSource;
   }

   @Bean
   public HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager() {
      HibernateTransactionManager txManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();
      txManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory().getObject());

      return txManager;
   }

   @Bean
   public PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor exceptionTranslation() {
      return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
   }

   Properties hibernateProperties() {
      return new Properties() {
         {
            setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", env.getProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto"));
            setProperty("hibernate.dialect", env.getProperty("hibernate.dialect"));
            setProperty("hibernate.globally_quoted_identifiers", "true");
         }
      };
   }
}

4. XML Spring Configuration for Hibernate 4

Simillary, Hibernate 4 can be configured with XML as well:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">

   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />

   <bean id="sessionFactory" 
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
      <property name="packagesToScan" value="org.baeldung.spring.persistence.model" />
      <property name="hibernateProperties">
         <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
   </bean>

   <bean id="dataSource" 
    class="org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
      <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
      <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" />
      <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
   </bean>

   <bean id="txManager" 
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" 
    class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>

</beans>

To bootstrap the XML into the Spring Context, we can use a simple Java Configuration file if the application is configured with Java configuration:

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ImportResource({ "classpath:hibernate4Config.xml" })
public class HibernateXmlConfig{
   //
}

Alternativelly we can simply provide the XML file to the Spring Context, if the overall configuration is purely XML.

For both types of configuration, the JDBC and Hibernate specific properties are stored in a properties file:

# jdbc.X
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_hibernate_dev?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
jdbc.user=tutorialuser
jdbc.pass=tutorialmy5ql

# hibernate.X
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.show_sql=false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop

5. Spring, Hibernate and MySQL

The Drivers and Dialects supported by Hibernate have been extensively discussed for Hibernate 3 – and everything still applies for Hibernate 4 as well.

6. Usage

At this point, Hibernate 4 is fully configured with Spring and we can inject the raw Hibernate SessionFactory directly whenever we need to:

public abstract class BarHibernateDAO{

   @Autowired
   SessionFactory sessionFactory;

   ...

   protected Session getCurrentSession(){
      return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
   }
}

An important note here is that this is now the recommended way to use the Hibernate API – the older HibernateTemplate is no longer included in the new org.springframework.orm.hibernate4 package as it shouldn’t be used with Hibernate 4.

7. Conclusion

In this example, we configured Spring with Hiberate 4 – both with Java and XML configuration. The implementation of this simple project can be found in the github project – this is an Eclipse based project, so it should be easy to import and run as it is.

Reference: Hibernate 4 with Spring from our JCG partner Eugen Paraschiv at the baeldung blog.