Testing OpenLiberty with Arquillian (Remote)

Deny WuysanJune 22nd, 2018Last Updated: June 22nd, 2018

0 121 6 minutes read

Having heard many great reviews, I thought I’ll give Open Liberty a try.

In this post, I shall discuss the following:

Setup of Open Liberty
Setup JDBC connection
Setup Arquillian
Testing REST endpoint

Installing Open Liberty

At the time of writing, I am using Open Liberty 18.0.0.1, and I am using Java SE 1.8.0_172 (P.S. Keen to move on to Java 9 and Java 10, but I thought better wait for LTS Java 11).

Installation is very easy. Let’s assume we are going to create a running server name test.

First, unpack your Open Liberty download. It will create a directory structure wlp.

Navigate to bin directory and run the following command:

1	`./server` `create` `test`

Now a server name test has been created. To start:

1	`./server` `start` `test`

with the argument test being the name of the server.

Navigate to http://localhost:9080/test to see the context root.

To stop,

1	`./server` `stop` `test`

Configure server.xml

Once you have start test server, a directory will be created under the /usr/servers/test, and inside that directory there is file named server.xml. Let’s check it out.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<server description="new server">
 
    <!-- Enable features -->
    <featureManager>
        <feature>jsp-2.3</feature>
    </featureManager>
 
    <!-- To access this server from a remote client add a host attribute to the following element, e.g. host="*" -->
    <httpEndpoint id="defaultHttpEndpoint"
                  httpPort="9080"
                  httpsPort="9443" />
 
    <!-- Automatically expand WAR files and EAR files -->
    <applicationManager autoExpand="true"/>
</server>

In this article we are using Java EE 7 Web Profile, to enable that, it is very simple to do that (and it is not even necessary to restart the server). Simply change the featureManager.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<server description="new server">
 
    <!-- Enable features -->
    <featureManager>
        <feature>webProfile-7.0</feature>
    </featureManager>
 
    <!-- the rest of the configuration omitted -->

You can check what features being loaded dynamically by looking at console.log.

Configuring JDBC Datasource

Configure Datasource in server.xml

For this exercise, I am using MySQL 8.0. Setting up MySQL and its configuration is out-of-scope of this article.

Let’s assume we have created a new database, also named test.

To set up your datasource, make the following modification to your server.xml and restart (or not, not too sure on this one, but no harm in restarting).

Comments interleaved.

<?xml version="3.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<server description="new server">
 
    <!-- Enable features -->
    <featureManager>
        <feature>webProfile-7.0</feature>
    </featureManager>
 
    <!-- Declare the jar files for MySQL access through JDBC. -->
    <dataSource id="testDS" jndiName="jdbc/testDS">
        <jdbcDriver libraryRef="MySQLLib"/>
        <properties databaseName="test"
                  serverName="localhost" portNumber="3306"
                  user="root" password="P4sswordGoesH3r3"/>
    </dataSource>
    <library id="MySQLLib">
        <file name="/home/dwuysan/dev/appservers/wlp/usr/shared/resources/mysql/mysql-connector-java-8.0.11.jar"/>
    </library>
 
    <!-- Automatically expand WAR files and EAR files -->
    <applicationManager autoExpand="true"/>
</server>

persistence.xml

OpenLiberty comes with EclipseLink bundled as JPA Provider. In this example I have not configured any EclipseLink’s properties.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"
             version="2.1">
    <persistence-unit name="testPU">
        <jta-data-source>jdbc/testDS</jta-data-source>        
        <properties>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

And you can then call it in your Java EE application via:

@Stateless
@LocalBean
public class LogService {
 
    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;
 
    public Collection<Log> getLogs() {
        return this.em.createNamedQuery(Log.FIND_ALL, Log.class).getResultList();
    }
}

Setting up arquillian

In this article, we are going to implement Arquillian remote testing against a running OpenLiberty server.

Firstly, add arquillian to your pom.xml.

Configure pom.xml

This is the pom.xml that have been modified:

001

002

003

004

005

006

007

008

009

010

011

012

013

014

015

016

017

018

019

020

021

022

023

024

025

026

027

028

029

030

031

032

033

034

035

036

037

038

039

040

041

042

043

044

045

046

047

048

049

050

051

052

053

054

055

056

057

058

059

060

061

062

063

064

065

066

067

068

069

070

071

072

073

074

075

076

077

078

079

080

081

082

083

084

085

086

087

088

089

090

091

092

093

094

095

096

097

098

099

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
    <groupId>id.co.lucyana</groupId>
    <artifactId>test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
 
    <name>test</name>
 
    <properties>
        <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
     
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian</groupId>
                <artifactId>arquillian-bom</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.0.Final</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
 
    <dependencies>        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian.graphene</groupId>
            <artifactId>graphene-webdriver</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <version>3.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian.junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>arquillian-junit-container</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>        
        <dependency>
            <!-- Arquillian WebSphere Liberty Profile support -->
            <groupId>io.openliberty.arquillian</groupId>
            <artifactId>arquillian-liberty-remote</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
     
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <compilerArguments>
                        <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
                    </compilerArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>validate</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
                            <silent>true</silent>
                            <artifactItems>
                                <artifactItem>
                                    <groupId>javax</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
                                    <version>7.0</version>
                                    <type>jar</type>
                                </artifactItem>
                            </artifactItems>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Make modification to server.xml

The documentation provided here is quite self-explanatory. Please consult this documentation for more up-to-date information on how to enable remote-testing.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<server description="new server">
 
    <!-- Enable features -->
    <featureManager>
        <feature>webProfile-7.0</feature>
        <feature>restConnector-2.0</feature>
    </featureManager>
     
    <!-- Declare the jar files for MySQL access through JDBC. -->
    <dataSource id="testDS" jndiName="jdbc/testDS">
        <jdbcDriver libraryRef="MySQLLib"/>
        <properties databaseName="test"
                  serverName="localhost" portNumber="3306"
                  user="root" password="P4sswordGoesH3r3"/>
    </dataSource>
    <library id="MySQLLib">
        <file name="/home/dwuysan/dev/appservers/wlp/usr/shared/resources/mysql/mysql-connector-java-8.0.11.jar"/>
    </library>
 
    <httpEndpoint httpPort="9080" httpsPort="9443" id="defaultHttpEndpoint" host="*" />
 
    <!-- userName and password should also be set in arquillian.xml to these values -->
    <quickStartSecurity userName="admin" userPassword="admin" />
 
    <!-- Enable the keystore -->
    <keyStore id="defaultKeyStore" password="password" />
 
    <applicationMonitor updateTrigger="mbean" />
    <logging consoleLogLevel="INFO" />
 
    <!-- This section is needed to allow upload of files to the dropins directory, the remote container adapter relies on this configuration -->
    <remoteFileAccess>
        <writeDir>${server.config.dir}/dropins</writeDir>
    </remoteFileAccess>
 
    <!-- Automatically expand WAR files and EAR files -->
    <applicationManager autoExpand="true"/>
</server>

Trust the server (i.e. certificate)

You need to have those keys trusted by your client as well, otherwise you’ll see SSL certificate trust errors, and you need to give permissions for the container adapter to write to the dropins directory” (Liberty-Arquillian 2018)

Once you have made all the necessary modification above, (and re-start the server), notice that there is a new directory created under <location of your OpenLiberty server>/usr/servers/test/resources/security with test being the name of the server we have initially created.

Notice there are two files being created, keys.jks and ltpa.keys. Now, we are interested in the keys.jks.

So that we can run our test from Netbeans (Maven), the JDK must trust the running OpenLiberty.

Check the certificate

keytool -list -v -keystore key.jks
Enter keystore password:

The password here is basically what we created in our server.xml, particularly this line:

<!-- Enable the keystore -->
<keyStore id="defaultKeyStore" password="password" />

so, enter the password, and the output should be as follows:

*****************  WARNING WARNING WARNING  *****************
* The integrity of the information stored in your keystore  *
* has NOT been verified!  In order to verify its integrity, *
* you must provide your keystore password.                  *
*****************  WARNING WARNING WARNING  *****************
 
Keystore type: jks
Keystore provider: SUN
 
Your keystore contains 1 entry
 
Alias name: default
Creation date: May 26, 2018
Entry type: PrivateKeyEntry
Certificate chain length: 1
Certificate[1]:
Owner: CN=localhost, OU=test, O=ibm, C=us
Issuer: CN=localhost, OU=test, O=ibm, C=us
Serial number: 2a6c5b27
Valid from: Sat May 26 12:24:30 WITA 2018 until: Sun May 26 12:24:30 WITA 2019
Certificate fingerprints:
     MD5:  63:92:B2:4A:25:E3:BB:3B:96:37:11:C1:A7:25:38:B5
     SHA1: B6:38:95:88:FC:50:EC:A0:8E:41:4E:DE:B5:D4:8B:85:2E:61:A2:5F
     SHA256: 9C:7B:6A:FA:46:8C:50:F2:7D:7B:C4:24:4B:15:78:5A:34:25:C8:43:D1:AB:4D:EE:C7:00:4C:AF:30:F5:5C:92
Signature algorithm name: SHA256withRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 2048-bit RSA key
Version: 3
 
Extensions: 
 
#1: ObjectId: 2.5.29.14 Criticality=false
SubjectKeyIdentifier [
KeyIdentifier [
0000: 88 F2 C2 32 73 73 B6 66   8F FA 42 85 1F 43 A5 AF  ...2ss.f..B..C..
0010: 84 33 62 D5                                        .3b.
]
]
 
 
 
*******************************************
*******************************************

Next, export the certificate

We now need to create a .cer. Use the following command:

keytool -export -alias default -file testwlp.crt -keystore key.jks
Enter keystore password:

Basically we are exporting the certificate of alias into a file named testwlp.crt. Now, a file named testwlp.crt should be created.

Lastly, let’s trust that certificate by importing that certificate into the JDK cacert

keytool -import -trustcacerts -keystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts -storepass changeit -alias testwlp -import -file testwlp.crt

P.S. Please note that, as pointed out by many experts (via Twitter), apparently there are many ways to ‘trust’ the server. I am sure there are better ways, and as much as possible I’d prefer not to touch any of the JDK’s files.

Create arquillian.xml

Now all those plumbing works done, let’s add arquillian.xml accordingly.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<arquillian xmlns="http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian http://jboss.org/schema/arquillian/arquillian_1_0.xsd">
    <engine>
        <property name="deploymentExportPath">target</property>
    </engine>
    <container qualifier="liberty-remote" default="true">
        <configuration>
            <property name="hostName">localhost</property>
            <property name="serverName">test</property>
 
            <!-- check the 'quickStartSecurity' on 'server.xml' -->
            <property name="username">admin</property>
            <property name="password">admin</property>
 
            <!-- check the 'server.xml' -->
            <property name="httpPort">9080</property>
            <property name="httpsPort">9443</property> 
        </configuration>
    </container>    
    <extension qualifier="webdriver">
        <!--<property name="browser">firefox</property>-->
        <property name="remoteReusable">false</property>
    </extension>
</arquillian>

Write a REST Test case

With all those setups done, you can now write an Arquillian Test case. Below is an example of a test case against a JAX-RS end point (Please excuse the simplicity of the test case, the point is to show how we can test using Arquillian-remote against OpenLiberty):

package id.co.lucyana.test.resource;
 
import id.co.lucyana.test.entity.Log;
import id.co.lucyana.test.services.LogService;
import id.co.lucyana.test.util.ApplicationConfig;
import java.net.URL;
import org.jboss.arquillian.container.test.api.Deployment;
import org.jboss.arquillian.container.test.api.RunAsClient;
import org.jboss.arquillian.drone.api.annotation.Drone;
import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian;
import org.jboss.arquillian.test.api.ArquillianResource;
import org.jboss.shrinkwrap.api.ArchivePaths;
import org.jboss.shrinkwrap.api.ShrinkWrap;
import org.jboss.shrinkwrap.api.spec.JavaArchive;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
 
@RunWith(Arquillian.class)
public class LogResourceTest {
     
    @Drone
    private WebDriver webDriver;
 
    @Deployment
    public static JavaArchive createTestArchive() {
        return ShrinkWrap.create(JavaArchive.class)
                .addClass(Log.class)
                .addClass(LogResource.class)
                .addClass(LogService.class)
                .addClass(ApplicationConfig.class)
                .addAsManifestResource("test-persistence.xml",
                        ArchivePaths.create("persistence.xml"));
    }
 
    @Test
    @RunAsClient
    public void testLogResource(@ArquillianResource URL url) {        
        this.webDriver.get(url.toString() + "resources/log");
        String pageSource = this.webDriver.getPageSource();
        System.out.println("RESULT: " + pageSource);
        Assert.assertTrue(true);
    }
}

References

DigiCert, 2018, ‘How to install the trusted root into Java cacerts Keystore’, DigiCert, accessed on 20 June 2018

Liberty-Arquillian, 2018, ‘Arquillian Liberty Remote Documentation’, GitHub. Inc, accessed on 20 June 2018

SSLShopper, 2008, ‘The Most Common Java Keytool Keystore Commands’, SSLShopper, accessed on 20 June 2018

Published on Java Code Geeks with permission by Deny Wuysan, partner at our JCG program. See the original article here: Testing OpenLiberty with Arquillian (Remote)

Opinions expressed by Java Code Geeks contributors are their own.

Do you want to know how to develop your skillset to become a Java Rockstar?

Subscribe to our newsletter to start Rocking right now!

To get you started we give you our best selling eBooks for FREE!

1. JPA Mini Book

2. JVM Troubleshooting Guide

3. JUnit Tutorial for Unit Testing

4. Java Annotations Tutorial

5. Java Interview Questions

6. Spring Interview Questions

7. Android UI Design

and many more ....